ASHRAE is a society of heating and air conditioning engineers that has produced, through consensus, a number of standards related to indoor air quality, filter performance and testing, and HVAC systems. AMCA is a trade association that has developed standards and testing procedures for fans. Foremost are those recommended by the Air Movement and Control Association (AMCA), the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE), the American National Standards Institute (ANSI), the Sheet Metal and Air Conditioning Contractors National Association (SMACNA), the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), and the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH). Standards and CodesĪppendix III:3-3 is a compilation of OSHA and industry consensus standards. See Section III, Chapter 2, Indoor Air Quality, for a discussion of common indoor-air contaminants and their biological effects. Outside air for ventilation or makeup air for exhaust systems may bring contaminants into the workplace (e.g., vehicle exhaust, fugitive emissions from a neighboring smelter). In some instances the contaminant source may be the outside air. Tobacco smoke contains a number of organic and reactive chemicals and is often carried this way. The facility's ventilation system may transport reactive chemicals from a source area to other parts of the building. Volatile Organic and Reactive Chemicals (for example, formaldehyde) often contribute to indoor air contamination. People exposed to these agents may develop signs and symptoms related to "humidifier fever," "humidifier lung," or "air conditioner lung." In some cases, indoor air quality contaminants cause clinically identifiable conditions such as occupational asthma, reversible airway disease, and hypersensitivity pneumonitis.ī. These can be transported by the ventilation system or originate in the following parts of the ventilation system: Indoor Air Contaminants include but are not limited to particulates, pollen, microbial agents, and organic toxins.
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This section of the manual addresses ventilation in commercial buildings and industrial facilities. Inadequate or improper ventilation is the cause of about half of all indoor air quality (IAQ) problems in nonindustrial workplaces (see Section III, Chapter 2, Indoor Air Quality). Ventilation systems generally involve a combination of these types of systems.įor example, a large local exhaust system may also serve as a dilution system, and the HVAC system may serve as a makeup air system (see Appendix III:3-1 for a primer and Appendix III:3-2 for an explanation of these terms). dilution and removal by general exhaust įigure III:3-1.There are five basic types of ventilation systems: facilities operated to maximize energy conservation Īny ventilation deficiency must be verified by measurement.ī.
facilities failing to provide adequate maintenance of ventilation equipment.Traditionally, nonindustrial ventilation systems commonly known as heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems were built to control temperature, humidity, and odors. Industrial ventilation generally involves the use of supply and exhaust ventilation to control emissions, exposures, and chemical hazards in the workplace. Industrial Robots and Robot System SafetyĮxcavations: Hazard Recognition in Trenching and ShoringĬontrolling Lead Exposures in the Construction Industry: Engineering and Work Practice Controlsįor problems with accessibility in using figures and illustrations in this document, please contact the Office of Science and Technology Assessment at (202) 693-2095.
Oil Well Derrick Stability: Guywire Anchor Systems Legionnaire's Disease, see OSHA's Safety and Health Topics Page for updated information.Ĭontrolling Exposure to Hazardous Drugs, see OSHA's Safety and Health Topics Page for updated information. Polymer Matrix Materials: Advanced Composites Technical Equipment: On-site Measurements
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